/*
 * PhoneGap is available under *either* the terms of the modified BSD license *or* the
 * MIT License (2008). See http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical for full text.
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2005-2010, Nitobi Software Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2011, IBM Corporation
 */
package com.phonegap;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap;

import com.phonegap.api.Plugin;
import com.phonegap.api.PluginResult;
import com.phonegap.file.EncodingException;
import com.phonegap.file.FileExistsException;
import com.phonegap.file.InvalidModificationException;
import com.phonegap.file.NoModificationAllowedException;
import com.phonegap.file.TypeMismatchException;

/**
 * This class provides SD card file and directory services to JavaScript.
 * Only files on the SD card can be accessed.
 */
public class FileUtils extends Plugin {
	private static final String LOG_TAG = "FileUtils";
	
	public static int NOT_FOUND_ERR = 1;
	public static int SECURITY_ERR = 2;
	public static int ABORT_ERR = 3;

	public static int NOT_READABLE_ERR = 4;
	public static int ENCODING_ERR = 5;
	public static int NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = 6;
	public static int INVALID_STATE_ERR = 7;
	public static int SYNTAX_ERR = 8;
	public static int INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR = 9;
    public static int QUOTA_EXCEEDED_ERR = 10;
    public static int TYPE_MISMATCH_ERR = 11;
    public static int PATH_EXISTS_ERR = 12;

	public static int TEMPORARY = 0;
	public static int PERSISTENT = 1;
	public static int RESOURCE = 2;
	public static int APPLICATION = 3;
	
	FileReader f_in;
	FileWriter f_out;
	
	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 */
	public FileUtils() {
	}

	/**
	 * Executes the request and returns PluginResult.
	 * 
	 * @param action 		The action to execute.
	 * @param args 			JSONArry of arguments for the plugin.
	 * @param callbackId	The callback id used when calling back into JavaScript.
	 * @return 				A PluginResult object with a status and message.
	 */
	public PluginResult execute(String action, JSONArray args, String callbackId) {
		PluginResult.Status status = PluginResult.Status.OK;
		String result = "";		
		//System.out.println("FileUtils.execute("+action+")");
		
		try {
			try {
				if (action.equals("testSaveLocationExists")) {
			        boolean b = DirectoryManager.testSaveLocationExists();
			        return new PluginResult(status, b);
			    }  
				else if (action.equals("getFreeDiskSpace")) {
			        long l = DirectoryManager.getFreeDiskSpace();
			        return new PluginResult(status, l);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("testFileExists")) {
			        boolean b = DirectoryManager.testFileExists(args.getString(0));
			        return new PluginResult(status, b);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("testDirectoryExists")) {
			        boolean b = DirectoryManager.testFileExists(args.getString(0));
			        return new PluginResult(status, b);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("readAsText")) {
					String s = this.readAsText(args.getString(0), args.getString(1));
			        return new PluginResult(status, s);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("readAsDataURL")) {
					String s = this.readAsDataURL(args.getString(0));
			        return new PluginResult(status, s);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("write")) {
					long fileSize = this.write(args.getString(0), args.getString(1), args.getInt(2));
					return new PluginResult(status, fileSize);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("truncate")) {
					long fileSize = this.truncateFile(args.getString(0), args.getLong(1));
					return new PluginResult(status, fileSize);
			    }
				else if (action.equals("requestFileSystem")) {
					long size = args.optLong(1);
					if (size != 0) {
						if (size > DirectoryManager.getFreeDiskSpace()) {
							JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.QUOTA_EXCEEDED_ERR);
							return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
						}
					}
					JSONObject obj = requestFileSystem(args.getInt(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castFS");
				}
				else if (action.equals("resolveLocalFileSystemURI")) {
					JSONObject obj = resolveLocalFileSystemURI(args.getString(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("getMetadata")) {
					JSONObject obj = getMetadata(args.getString(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castDate");
				}
				else if (action.equals("getFileMetadata")) {
					JSONObject obj = getFileMetadata(args.getString(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castDate");
				}
				else if (action.equals("getParent")) {
					JSONObject obj = getParent(args.getString(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("getDirectory")) {
					JSONObject obj = getFile(args.getString(0), args.getString(1), args.optJSONObject(2), true);
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("getFile")) {
					JSONObject obj = getFile(args.getString(0), args.getString(1), args.optJSONObject(2), false);
					return new PluginResult(status, obj, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("remove")) {
					boolean success;
					
					success = remove(args.getString(0));
					
					if (success) {
						return new PluginResult(status);
					} else {
						JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR);
						return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
					}
				}
				else if (action.equals("removeRecursively")) {
					boolean success = removeRecursively(args.getString(0));
					if (success) {
						return new PluginResult(status);
					} else {
						JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR);
						return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
					}
				}
				else if (action.equals("moveTo")) {
					JSONObject entry = transferTo(args.getString(0), args.getJSONObject(1), args.optString(2), true);
					return new PluginResult(status, entry, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("copyTo")) {
					JSONObject entry = transferTo(args.getString(0), args.getJSONObject(1), args.optString(2), false);
					return new PluginResult(status, entry, "window.localFileSystem._castEntry");
				}
				else if (action.equals("readEntries")) {
					JSONArray entries = readEntries(args.getString(0));
					return new PluginResult(status, entries, "window.localFileSystem._castEntries");
				}
				return new PluginResult(status, result);
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.NOT_FOUND_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (FileExistsException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.PATH_EXISTS_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (NoModificationAllowedException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (JSONException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (InvalidModificationException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.ENCODING_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (EncodingException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.ENCODING_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			} catch (TypeMismatchException e) {
				JSONObject error = new JSONObject().put("code", FileUtils.TYPE_MISMATCH_ERR);
				return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, error);
			}
		} catch (JSONException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.JSON_EXCEPTION);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Allows the user to look up the Entry for a file or directory referred to by a local URI.
	 * 
	 * @param url of the file/directory to look up
	 * @return a JSONObject representing a Entry from the filesystem
	 * @throws MalformedURLException if the url is not valid
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException if the file does not exist
	 * @throws IOException if the user can't read the file
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject resolveLocalFileSystemURI(String url) throws IOException, JSONException {
        String decoded = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
        
        File fp = null;
        
        // Handle the special case where you get an Android content:// uri.
        if (decoded.startsWith("content:")) {
            Cursor cursor = this.ctx.managedQuery(Uri.parse(decoded), new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA }, null, null, null);
            // Note: MediaStore.Images/Audio/Video.Media.DATA is always "_data"
            int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            fp = new File(cursor.getString(column_index));
        } else {
    		// Test to see if this is a valid URL first
            @SuppressWarnings("unused") 
    		URL testUrl = new URL(decoded);
    
    		if (decoded.startsWith("file://")) {
    			fp = new File(decoded.substring(7, decoded.length()));
    		} else {
    			fp = new File(decoded);
    		}
        }

        if (!fp.exists()) {
            throw new FileNotFoundException();
        }
        if (!fp.canRead()) {
            throw new IOException();
        }
		return getEntry(fp);
	}

	/**
	 * Read the list of files from this directory.
	 * 
	 * @param fileName the directory to read from
	 * @return a JSONArray containing JSONObjects that represent Entry objects.
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException if the directory is not found.
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONArray readEntries(String fileName) throws FileNotFoundException, JSONException {
		File fp = new File(fileName);

		if (!fp.exists()) {
			// The directory we are listing doesn't exist so we should fail.
			throw new FileNotFoundException();
		}

		JSONArray entries = new JSONArray();
		
		if (fp.isDirectory()) {
			File[] files = fp.listFiles();
			for (int i=0; i<files.length; i++) {
				entries.put(getEntry(files[i]));
			}
		}
		
		return entries;
	}

	/**
	 * A setup method that handles the move/copy of files/directories
	 * 
	 * @param fileName to be copied/moved
	 * @param newParent is the location where the file will be copied/moved to
	 * @param newName for the file directory to be called, if null use existing file name
	 * @param move if false do a copy, if true do a move
	 * @return a Entry object
	 * @throws FileExistsException
	 * @throws NoModificationAllowedException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject transferTo(String fileName, JSONObject newParent, String newName, boolean move) throws JSONException, FileExistsException, NoModificationAllowedException, IOException, InvalidModificationException, EncodingException {
		// Check for invalid file name
		if (newName != null && newName.contains(":")) {
			throw new EncodingException("Bad file name");
		}
		
		File source = new File(fileName);

		if (!source.exists()) {
			// The file/directory we are copying doesn't exist so we should fail.
			throw new FileNotFoundException("The source does not exist");
		}
		
		File destinationDir = new File(newParent.getString("fullPath"));
		if (!destinationDir.exists()) {
			// The destination does not exist so we should fail.
			throw new FileNotFoundException("The source does not exist");
		}

		// Figure out where we should be copying to
		File destination = createDestination(newName, source, destinationDir);
		
		//Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Source: " + source.getAbsolutePath());
		//Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Destin: " + destination.getAbsolutePath());
		
		// Check to see if source and destination are the same file 
		if (source.getAbsolutePath().equals(destination.getAbsolutePath())) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't copy a file onto itself");
		}

		if (source.isDirectory()) {
			if (move) {
				return moveDirectory(source, destination);
			} else {
				return copyDirectory(source, destination);
			}
		} else {
			if (move) {
				return moveFile(source, destination);
			} else {
				return copyFile(source, destination);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Creates the destination File object based on name passed in
	 * 
	 * @param newName for the file directory to be called, if null use existing file name
	 * @param fp represents the source file
	 * @param destination represents the destination file
	 * @return a File object that represents the destination
	 */
	private File createDestination(String newName, File fp, File destination) {
		File destFile = null;
		
		// I know this looks weird but it is to work around a JSON bug.
		if ("null".equals(newName) || "".equals(newName) ) {
			newName = null;
		}
		
		if (newName != null) {
			destFile = new File(destination.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + newName);
		} else {
			destFile = new File(destination.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + fp.getName());
		}
		return destFile;
	}

	/**
	 * Copy a file 
	 * 
	 * @param srcFile file to be copied
	 * @param destFile destination to be copied to
	 * @return a FileEntry object
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject copyFile(File srcFile, File destFile) throws IOException, InvalidModificationException, JSONException  {
		// Renaming a file to an existing directory should fail
		if (destFile.exists() && destFile.isDirectory()) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't rename a file to a directory");
		}
		
		FileChannel input = new FileInputStream(srcFile).getChannel();
		FileChannel output = new FileOutputStream(destFile).getChannel();
		
		input.transferTo(0, input.size(), output);
		
		input.close();
		output.close();

		/*
		if (srcFile.length() != destFile.length()) {
			return false;
		}
		*/

		return getEntry(destFile);
	}

	/**
	 * Copy a directory 
	 * 
	 * @param srcDir directory to be copied
	 * @param destinationDir destination to be copied to
	 * @return a DirectoryEntry object
	 * @throws JSONException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws NoModificationAllowedException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 */
	private JSONObject copyDirectory(File srcDir, File destinationDir) throws JSONException, IOException, NoModificationAllowedException, InvalidModificationException {
		// Renaming a file to an existing directory should fail
		if (destinationDir.exists() && destinationDir.isFile()) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't rename a file to a directory");
		}
		
		// Check to make sure we are not copying the directory into itself
		if (isCopyOnItself(srcDir.getAbsolutePath(), destinationDir.getAbsolutePath())) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't copy itself into itself");
		}
		
		// See if the destination directory exists. If not create it.
		if (!destinationDir.exists()) {
			if (!destinationDir.mkdir()) {
				// If we can't create the directory then fail
				throw new NoModificationAllowedException("Couldn't create the destination direcotry");
			}
		}

		for (File file : srcDir.listFiles()) {
			if (file.isDirectory()) {
				copyDirectory(file, destinationDir);
			} else {
				File destination = new File(destinationDir.getAbsoluteFile() + File.separator + file.getName());
				copyFile(file, destination);
			}
		}
		
		return getEntry(destinationDir);
	}

	/**
	 * Check to see if the user attempted to copy an entry into its parent without changing its name, 
	 * or attempted to copy a directory into a directory that it contains directly or indirectly.
	 * 
	 * @param srcDir
	 * @param destinationDir
	 * @return 
	 */
    private boolean isCopyOnItself(String src, String dest) {
        
        // This weird test is to determine if we are copying or moving a directory into itself.  
        // Copy /sdcard/myDir to /sdcard/myDir-backup is okay but
        // Copy /sdcard/myDir to /sdcard/myDir/backup should thow an INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR
        if (dest.startsWith(src) && dest.indexOf(File.separator, src.length()-1) != -1) {
            return true;
        }
        
        return false;
    }

	/**
	 * Move a file 
	 * 
	 * @param srcFile file to be copied
	 * @param destFile destination to be copied to
	 * @return a FileEntry object
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject moveFile(File srcFile, File destFile) throws JSONException, InvalidModificationException {
		// Renaming a file to an existing directory should fail
		if (destFile.exists() && destFile.isDirectory()) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't rename a file to a directory");
		}
		
		// Try to rename the file
		if (!srcFile.renameTo(destFile)) {
			// Trying to rename the file failed.  Possibly because we moved across file system on the device.
			// Now we have to do things the hard way
			// 1) Copy all the old file
			// 2) delete the src file 
		}	
		
		return getEntry(destFile);
	}

	/**
	 * Move a directory 
	 * 
	 * @param srcDir directory to be copied
	 * @param destinationDir destination to be copied to
	 * @return a DirectoryEntry object
	 * @throws JSONException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws NoModificationAllowedException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 */
	private JSONObject moveDirectory(File srcDir, File destinationDir) throws JSONException, FileExistsException, NoModificationAllowedException, InvalidModificationException {
		// Renaming a file to an existing directory should fail
		if (destinationDir.exists() && destinationDir.isFile()) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't rename a file to a directory");
		}
		
		// Check to make sure we are not copying the directory into itself
		if (isCopyOnItself(srcDir.getAbsolutePath(), destinationDir.getAbsolutePath())) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("Can't move itself into itself");
		}
		
		// If the destination directory already exists and is empty then delete it.  This is according to spec.
		if (destinationDir.exists()) {
			if (destinationDir.list().length > 0) {
				throw new InvalidModificationException("directory is not empty");
			}
		}
		
		// Try to rename the directory
		if (!srcDir.renameTo(destinationDir)) {
			// Trying to rename the directory failed.  Possibly because we moved across file system on the device.
			// Now we have to do things the hard way
			// 1) Copy all the old files
			// 2) delete the src directory 
		}	
		
		return getEntry(destinationDir);
	}

	/** 
	 * Deletes a directory and all of its contents, if any. In the event of an error 
	 * [e.g. trying to delete a directory that contains a file that cannot be removed], 
	 * some of the contents of the directory may be deleted. 
	 * It is an error to attempt to delete the root directory of a filesystem.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath the directory to be removed
	 * @return a boolean representing success of failure
	 * @throws FileExistsException
	 */
	private boolean removeRecursively(String filePath) throws FileExistsException {
		File fp = new File(filePath);

		// You can't delete the root directory.
		if (atRootDirectory(filePath)) {
			return false;
		}

		return removeDirRecursively(fp);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Loops through a directory deleting all the files.
	 * 
	 * @param directory to be removed
	 * @return a boolean representing success of failure
	 * @throws FileExistsException
	 */
	private boolean removeDirRecursively(File directory) throws FileExistsException {
		if (directory.isDirectory()) {
			for (File file : directory.listFiles()) {
				removeDirRecursively(file);
			}
		}

		if (!directory.delete()) {
			throw new FileExistsException("could not delete: " + directory.getName());
		} else {
			return true;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Deletes a file or directory. It is an error to attempt to delete a directory that is not empty. 
	 * It is an error to attempt to delete the root directory of a filesystem.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath file or directory to be removed
	 * @return a boolean representing success of failure
	 * @throws NoModificationAllowedException
	 * @throws InvalidModificationException
	 */
	private boolean remove(String filePath) throws NoModificationAllowedException, InvalidModificationException {
		File fp = new File(filePath);
		
		// You can't delete the root directory.
		if (atRootDirectory(filePath)) {
			throw new NoModificationAllowedException("You can't delete the root directory");
		}
		
		// You can't delete a directory that is not empty
		if (fp.isDirectory() && fp.list().length > 0) {
			throw new InvalidModificationException("You can't delete a directory that is not empty.");
		}
		
		return fp.delete();
	}

	/**
	 * Creates or looks up a file.
	 * 
	 * @param dirPath base directory
	 * @param fileName file/directory to lookup or create
	 * @param options specify whether to create or not
	 * @param directory if true look up directory, if false look up file
	 * @return a Entry object
	 * @throws FileExistsException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws TypeMismatchException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject getFile(String dirPath, String fileName, JSONObject options, boolean directory) throws FileExistsException, IOException, TypeMismatchException, EncodingException, JSONException {
		boolean create = false;
		boolean exclusive = false;
		if (options != null) {
			create = options.optBoolean("create");
			if (create) {
				exclusive = options.optBoolean("exclusive");
			}
		}
		
		// Check for a ":" character in the file to line up with BB and iOS
		if (fileName.contains(":")) {
			throw new EncodingException("This file has a : in it's name");
		}
		
		File fp = createFileObject(dirPath, fileName);
				
		if (create) {
			if (exclusive && fp.exists()) {
				throw new FileExistsException("create/exclusive fails");
			}
			if (directory) {
				fp.mkdir();
			} else {
				fp.createNewFile();
			}
			if (!fp.exists()) {
				throw new FileExistsException("create fails");				
			}
		}
		else {
			if (!fp.exists()) {
				throw new FileNotFoundException("path does not exist");
			}
			if (directory) {
				if (fp.isFile()) {
					throw new TypeMismatchException("path doesn't exist or is file");
				}				
			} else {
				if (fp.isDirectory()) {
					throw new TypeMismatchException("path doesn't exist or is directory");
				}
			}
		}

		// Return the directory
		return getEntry(fp);
	}

	/**
	 * If the path starts with a '/' just return that file object. If not construct the file 
	 * object from the path passed in and the file name.
	 * 
	 * @param dirPath root directory
	 * @param fileName new file name
	 * @return
	 */
	private File createFileObject(String dirPath, String fileName) {
		File fp = null;
		if (fileName.startsWith("/")) {
			fp = new File(fileName);
		} else {
			fp = new File(dirPath + File.separator + fileName);
		}
		return fp;
	}

	/**
	 * Look up the parent DirectoryEntry containing this Entry. 
	 * If this Entry is the root of its filesystem, its parent is itself.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject getParent(String filePath) throws JSONException {
		if (atRootDirectory(filePath)) {
			return getEntry(filePath);
		}
		return getEntry(new File(filePath).getParent());
	}

	/** 
	 * Checks to see if we are at the root directory.  Useful since we are 
	 * not allow to delete this directory.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath to directory
	 * @return true if we are at the root, false otherwise.
	 */
	private boolean atRootDirectory(String filePath) {
		if (filePath.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/Android/data/" + ctx.getPackageName() + "/cache") ||
				filePath.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath())) {
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Look up metadata about this entry.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath to entry
	 * @return a Metadata object
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject getMetadata(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, JSONException {
		File file = new File(filePath);
		
		if (!file.exists()) {
			throw new FileNotFoundException("Failed to find file in getMetadata");
		}
		
		JSONObject metadata = new JSONObject();
		metadata.put("modificationTime", file.lastModified());

		return metadata;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a File that represents the current state of the file that this FileEntry represents.
	 * 
	 * @param filePath to entry
	 * @return returns a JSONObject represent a W3C File object
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws JSONException
	 */
	private JSONObject getFileMetadata(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, JSONException {
		File file = new File(filePath);
		
		if (!file.exists()) {
			throw new FileNotFoundException("File: " + filePath + " does not exist.");
		}
		
 		JSONObject metadata = new JSONObject();
		metadata.put("size", file.length());
		metadata.put("type", getMimeType(filePath));
		metadata.put("name", file.getName());
		metadata.put("fullPath", file.getAbsolutePath());
		metadata.put("lastModifiedDate", file.lastModified());

		return metadata;
	}

	/**
	 * Requests a filesystem in which to store application data.
	 * 
	 * @param type of file system requested
	 * @return a JSONObject representing the file system
	 * @throws IOException 
	 * @throws JSONException 
	 */
	private JSONObject requestFileSystem(int type) throws IOException, JSONException {
		JSONObject fs = new JSONObject();
		if (type == TEMPORARY) {
			if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
				fs.put("name", "temporary");
				fs.put("root", getEntry(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + 
						"/Android/data/" + ctx.getPackageName() + "/cache/"));
				
				// Create the cache dir if it doesn't exist.
				File fp = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + 
					"/Android/data/" + ctx.getPackageName() + "/cache/");
				fp.mkdirs();
			} else {
				throw new IOException("SD Card not mounted");
			}
		}
		else if (type == PERSISTENT) {
			if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
				fs.put("name", "persistent");
				fs.put("root", getEntry(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()));
			} else {
				throw new IOException("SD Card not mounted");
			}
		}
		else if (type == RESOURCE) {
			fs.put("name", "resource");
			
		}
		else if (type == APPLICATION) {
			fs.put("name", "application");
			
		}
		else {
			throw new IOException("No filesystem of type requested");
		}

		return fs;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a JSON Object representing a directory on the device's file system
	 * 
	 * @param path to the directory 
	 * @return
	 * @throws JSONException 
	 */
	private JSONObject getEntry(File file) throws JSONException {
		JSONObject entry = new JSONObject();

		entry.put("isFile", file.isFile());
		entry.put("isDirectory", file.isDirectory());
		entry.put("name", file.getName());
		entry.put("fullPath", file.getAbsolutePath());
		// I can't add the next thing it as it would be an infinite loop
		//entry.put("filesystem", null);

		return entry;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a JSON Object representing a directory on the device's file system
	 * 
	 * @param path to the directory 
	 * @return
	 * @throws JSONException 
	 */
	private JSONObject getEntry(String path) throws JSONException {
		return getEntry(new File(path));
	}

	/**
	 * Identifies if action to be executed returns a value and should be run synchronously.
	 * 
	 * @param action	The action to execute
	 * @return			T=returns value
	 */
	public boolean isSynch(String action) {		
		if (action.equals("testSaveLocationExists")) {
			return true;
	    }  
		else if (action.equals("getFreeDiskSpace")) {
			return true;
	    }
		else if (action.equals("testFileExists")) {
			return true;
	    }
		else if (action.equals("testDirectoryExists")) {
			return true;
	    }
		return false;
	}

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // LOCAL METHODS
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
	
    /**
     * Read content of text file.
     * 
     * @param filename			The name of the file.
     * @param encoding			The encoding to return contents as.  Typical value is UTF-8.
     * 							(see http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets)
     * @return					Contents of file.
     * @throws FileNotFoundException, IOException
     */
    public String readAsText(String filename, String encoding) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
    	byte[] bytes = new byte[1000];
   		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(getPathFromUri(filename), 1024);
   		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    	int numRead = 0;
    	while ((numRead = bis.read(bytes, 0, 1000)) >= 0) {
    	    bos.write(bytes, 0, numRead);
    	}
        return new String(bos.toByteArray(), encoding);
    }
    
    /**
     * Read content of text file and return as base64 encoded data url.
     * 
     * @param filename			The name of the file.
     * @return					Contents of file = data:<media type>;base64,<data>
     * @throws FileNotFoundException, IOException
     */
    public String readAsDataURL(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
    	byte[] bytes = new byte[1000];
   		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(getPathFromUri(filename), 1024);
   		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    	int numRead = 0;
    	while ((numRead = bis.read(bytes, 0, 1000)) >= 0) {
    	    bos.write(bytes, 0, numRead);
    	}
    	
    	// Determine content type from file name
    	String contentType = null;
    	if (filename.startsWith("content:")) {
    		Uri fileUri = Uri.parse(filename);
    		contentType = this.ctx.getContentResolver().getType(fileUri);
    	}
    	else {
        	contentType = getMimeType(filename);  		    		
    	}

		byte[] base64 = Base64.encodeBase64(bos.toByteArray());
		String data = "data:" + contentType + ";base64," + new String(base64);
    	return data;
    }

    /**
     * Looks up the mime type of a given file name.
     * 
     * @param filename
     * @return a mime type
     */
	public static String getMimeType(String filename) {
		MimeTypeMap map = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
		return map.getMimeTypeFromExtension(map.getFileExtensionFromUrl(filename));
	}
    
    /**
     * Write contents of file.
     * 
     * @param filename			The name of the file.
     * @param data				The contents of the file.
     * @param offset			The position to begin writing the file.			
     * @throws FileNotFoundException, IOException
     */
    /**/
    public long write(String filename, String data, int offset) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
    	boolean append = false;
    	if (offset > 0) {
    		this.truncateFile(filename, offset);
    		append = true;
    	}
    	
   		byte [] rawData = data.getBytes();
   		ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(rawData);    			    			
   		FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename, append);
   		byte buff[] = new byte[rawData.length];
   		in.read(buff, 0, buff.length);
   		out.write(buff, 0, rawData.length);
   		out.flush();
   		out.close();    			
    	
    	return data.length();
    }
    
    /**
     * Truncate the file to size
     * 
     * @param filename
     * @param size
     * @throws FileNotFoundException, IOException 
     */
    private long truncateFile(String filename, long size) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(filename, "rw");

		if (raf.length() >= size) {	   			
   			FileChannel channel = raf.getChannel();
   			channel.truncate(size);
   			return size;
		}
		
		return raf.length();
    }
    
    /**
     * Get an input stream based on file path or content:// uri
     * 
     * @param path
     * @return an input stream
     * @throws FileNotFoundException 
     */
    private InputStream getPathFromUri(String path) throws FileNotFoundException {  	  
    	if (path.startsWith("content")) {
    		Uri uri = Uri.parse(path);
    		return ctx.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
    	}
    	else {
    		return new FileInputStream(path);
    	}
    }  
}