#33 Documented Core/

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServer.h

@@ -30,8 +30,14 @@
 #import "GCDWebServerRequest.h"
 #import "GCDWebServerResponse.h"
 
+/**
+ *  Log levels used by GCDWebServer.
+ *
+ *  @warning kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Debug is only available if "NDEBUG" is not
+ *  defined when building.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(int, GCDWebServerLogLevel) {
-  kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Debug = 0,  // Only available if "NDEBUG" is not defined when building
+  kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Debug = 0,
   kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Verbose,
   kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Info,
   kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Warning,
@@ -39,88 +45,420 @@ typedef NS_ENUM(int, GCDWebServerLogLevel) {
   kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Exception,
 };
 
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServerMatchBlock is called for every handler added to the
+ *  GCDWebServer whenever a new HTTP request has started (i.e. HTTP headers have
+ *  been received). The block is passed the basic info for the request (HTTP method,
+ *  URL, headers...) and must decide if it wants to handle it or not.
+ *
+ *  If the handler can handle the request, the block must return a new
+ *  GCDWebServerRequest instance created with the same basic info.
+ *  Otherwise, it simply returns nil.
+ */
 typedef GCDWebServerRequest* (^GCDWebServerMatchBlock)(NSString* requestMethod, NSURL* requestURL, NSDictionary* requestHeaders, NSString* urlPath, NSDictionary* urlQuery);
+
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServerProcessBlock is called after the HTTP request has been fully
+ *  received (i.e. the entire HTTP body has been read). THe block is passed the
+ *  GCDWebServerRequest created at the previous step by the GCDWebServerMatchBlock.
+ *
+ *  The block must return a GCDWebServerResponse or nil on error, which will
+ *  result in a 500 HTTP status code returned to the client. It's however
+ *  recommended to return a GCDWebServerErrorResponse on error so more useful
+ *  information can be returned to the client.
+ */
 typedef GCDWebServerResponse* (^GCDWebServerProcessBlock)(GCDWebServerRequest* request);
 
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_Port;  // NSNumber / NSUInteger (default is 0 i.e. use a random port)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_BonjourName;  // NSString (default is empty string i.e. use computer name)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_MaxPendingConnections;  // NSNumber / NSUInteger (default is 16)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ServerName;  // NSString (default is server class name)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationMethod;  // One of "GCDWebServerAuthenticationMethod_..." (default is nil i.e. no authentication)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationRealm;  // NSString (default is server name)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationAccounts;  // NSDictionary of username / password (default is nil i.e. no accounts)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ConnectionClass;  // Subclass of GCDWebServerConnection (default is GCDWebServerConnection class)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AutomaticallyMapHEADToGET;  // NSNumber / BOOL (default is YES)
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ConnectedStateCoalescingInterval;  // NSNumber / double (default is 1.0 seconds - set to <=0.0 to disable coaslescing of -webServerDidConnect: / -webServerDidDisconnect:)
+/**
+ *  The port used by the GCDWebServer (NSNumber / NSUInteger).
+ *
+ *  Default value is 0 i.e. let the OS pick a random port.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_Port;
+
+/**
+ *  The Bonjour name used by the GCDWebServer (NSString).
+ *
+ *  Default value is an empty string i.e. use the computer / device name.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_BonjourName;
+
+/**
+ *  The maximum number of incoming HTTP requests that can be queued waiting to
+ *  be handled before new ones are dropped (NSNumber / NSUInteger).
+ *
+ *  Default value is 16.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_MaxPendingConnections;
+
+/**
+ *  The value for "Server" HTTP header used by the GCDWebServer (NSString).
+ *
+ *  Default value is the GCDWebServer class name.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ServerName;
+
+/**
+ *  The authentication method used by the GCDWebServer
+ *  (one of "GCDWebServerAuthenticationMethod_...").
+ *
+ *  Default value is nil i.e. authentication disabled.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationMethod;
+
+/**
+ *  The authentication realm used by the GCDWebServer (NSString).
+ *
+ *  Default value is the same as GCDWebServerOption_ServerName.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationRealm;
+
+/**
+ *  The authentication accounts used by the GCDWebServer
+ *  (NSDictionary of username / password pairs).
+ *
+ *  Default value is nil i.e. no accounts.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AuthenticationAccounts;
+
+/**
+ *  The class used by the GCDWebServer when instantiating GCDWebServerConnection
+ *  (subclass of GCDWebServerConnection).
+ *
+ *  Default value is GCDWebServerConnection class.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ConnectionClass;
+
+/**
+ *  Allow the GCDWebServer to pretend "HEAD" requests are actually "GET" ones
+ *  and automatically discard the HTTP body of the response (NSNumber / BOOL).
+ *
+ *  Default value is YES.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AutomaticallyMapHEADToGET;
+
+/**
+ *  The interval expressed in seconds used by the GCDWebServer to decide how to
+ *  coalesce calls to -webServerDidConnect: and -webServerDidDisconnect:
+ *  (NSNumber / double). Coalescing will be disabled if the interval is <= 0.0.
+ *
+ *  Default value is 1.0 second.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_ConnectedStateCoalescingInterval;
+
 #if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AutomaticallySuspendInBackground;  // NSNumber / BOOL (default is YES)
+
+/**
+ *  Enables the GCDWebServer to automatically suspend itself (as if -stop was
+ *  called) when the iOS app goes into the background and the last
+ *  GCDWebServerConnection is closed, then resume itself (as if -start was called)
+ *  when the iOS app comes back to the foreground (NSNumber / BOOL).
+ *
+ *  See the README.md file for more information about this option.
+ *
+ *  Default value is YES.
+ *
+ *  @warning The running property will be NO while the GCDWebServer is suspended.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerOption_AutomaticallySuspendInBackground;
+
 #endif
 
-extern NSString* const GCDWebServerAuthenticationMethod_Basic;  // Not recommended as password is sent in clear
+/**
+ *  HTTP Basic Authentication scheme (see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2617).
+ *
+ *  @warning Use of this method is not recommended as the passwords are sent in clear.
+ */
+extern NSString* const GCDWebServerAuthenticationMethod_Basic;
+
+/**
+ *  HTTP Digest Access Authentication scheme (see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2617).
+ */
 extern NSString* const GCDWebServerAuthenticationMethod_DigestAccess;
 
 @class GCDWebServer;
 
-// These methods are always called on main thread
+/**
+ *  Delegate methods for GCDWebServer.
+ *
+ *  @warning These methods are always called on the main thread in a serialized way.
+ */
 @protocol GCDWebServerDelegate <NSObject>
 @optional
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called after the server has succesfully started.
+ */
 - (void)webServerDidStart:(GCDWebServer*)server;
-- (void)webServerDidConnect:(GCDWebServer*)server;  // Called when first connection is opened
-- (void)webServerDidDisconnect:(GCDWebServer*)server;  // Called when last connection is closed
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called when the first GCDWebServerConnection is opened by the
+ *  server to serve a series of HTTP requests. A series is ongoing as long as
+ *  new HTTP requests keep coming (and new GCDWebServerConnection instances keep
+ *  being opened), before the last HTTP request has been responded to (and the
+ *  corresponding last GCDWebServerConnection closed).
+ */
+- (void)webServerDidConnect:(GCDWebServer*)server;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called when the last GCDWebServerConnection is closed after
+ *  the server has served a series of HTTP requests.
+ *
+ *  The GCDWebServerOption_ConnectedStateCoalescingInterval option can be used
+ *  to have the server wait some extra delay before considering that the series
+ *  of HTTP requests has ended (in case there some latency between consecutive
+ *  requests). This effectively coalesces the calls to -webServerDidConnect:
+ *  and -webServerDidDisconnect:.
+ */
+- (void)webServerDidDisconnect:(GCDWebServer*)server;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called after the server has stopped.
+ */
 - (void)webServerDidStop:(GCDWebServer*)server;
+
 @end
 
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServer class manages the socket that listens for HTTP requests and
+ *  the list of handlers used to respond to them.
+ *
+ *  See the README.md file for more information about the architecture of GCDWebServer.
+ */
 @interface GCDWebServer : NSObject
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the delegate for the server.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, assign) id<GCDWebServerDelegate> delegate;
+
+/**
+ *  Indicates if the server is currently running.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly, getter=isRunning) BOOL running;
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger port;  // Only non-zero if running
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* bonjourName;  // Only non-nil if Bonjour registration is active
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the port used by the server.
+ *
+ *  @warning This property is only valid if the server is running.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger port;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the Bonjour name in used by the server.
+ *
+ *  @warning This property is only valid if the server is running and Bonjour
+ *  registration has successfully completed, which can take up to a few seconds.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* bonjourName;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is the designated initializer for the class.
+ */
 - (instancetype)init;
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to handle incoming HTTP requests.
+ *  Handlers are called in a LIFO queue, so the latest added handler overrides
+ *  any previously added ones.
+ *
+ *  @warning Addling handlers while the GCDWebServer is running is not allowed.
+ */
 - (void)addHandlerWithMatchBlock:(GCDWebServerMatchBlock)matchBlock processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)processBlock;
+
+/**
+ *  Removes all handlers previously added to the server.
+ *
+ *  @warning Removing handlers while the GCDWebServer is running is not allowed.
+ */
 - (void)removeAllHandlers;
 
-- (BOOL)start;  // Default is port 8080 (OS X & iOS Simulator) or 80 (iOS) and computer / device name for Bonjour
-- (BOOL)startWithPort:(NSUInteger)port bonjourName:(NSString*)name;  // Pass nil name to disable Bonjour or empty string to use computer name
+/**
+ *  Starts the server on port 8080 (OS X & iOS Simulator) or port 80 (iOS)
+ *  using the computer / device name for as the Bonjour name.
+ *
+ *  Returns NO if the server failed to start.
+ */
+- (BOOL)start;
+
+/**
+ *  Starts the server on a given port and with a specific Bonjour name.
+ *  Pass a nil Bonjour name to disable Bonjour entirely or an empty string to
+ *  use the computer / device name.
+ *
+ *  Returns NO if the server failed to start.
+ */
+- (BOOL)startWithPort:(NSUInteger)port bonjourName:(NSString*)name;
+
+/**
+ *  Starts the server with explicit options. This method is the designated way
+ *  to start the server.
+ *
+ *  Returns NO if the server failed to start.
+ */
 - (BOOL)startWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)options;
-- (void)stop;  // Does not abort any currently opened connections
+
+/**
+ *  Stops the server and prevents it to accepts new HTTP requests.
+ *
+ *  @warning Stopping the server does not abort GCDWebServerConnection instances
+ *  handling already received HTTP requests. These connections will continue to
+ *  execute until the corresponding requests and responses are completed.
+ */
+- (void)stop;
+
 @end
 
 @interface GCDWebServer (Extensions)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSURL* serverURL;  // Only non-nil if server is running
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSURL* bonjourServerURL;  // Only non-nil if server is running and Bonjour registration is active
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the server's URL.
+ *
+ *  @warning This property is only valid if the server is running.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSURL* serverURL;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the server's Bonjour URL.
+ *
+ *  @warning This property is only valid if the server is running and Bonjour
+ *  registration has successfully completed, which can take up to a few seconds.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSURL* bonjourServerURL;
+
 #if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
+
+/**
+ *  Runs the server synchronously using -startWithPort:bonjourName: until a
+ *  SIGINT signal is received i.e. Ctrl-C. This method is intended to be used
+ *  by command line tools.
+ *
+ *  Returns NO if the server failed to start.
+ *
+ *  @warning This method must be used from the main thread only.
+ */
 - (BOOL)runWithPort:(NSUInteger)port bonjourName:(NSString*)name;
-- (BOOL)runWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)options;  // Starts then automatically stops on SIGINT i.e. Ctrl-C (use on main thread only)
+
+/**
+ *  Runs the server synchronously using -startWithOptions: until a SIGINT signal
+ *  is received i.e. Ctrl-C. This method is intended to be used by command line
+ *  tools.
+ *
+ *  Returns NO if the server failed to start.
+ *
+ *  @warning This method must be used from the main thread only.
+ */
+- (BOOL)runWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)options;
+
 #endif
+
 @end
 
 @interface GCDWebServer (Handlers)
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a default handler to the server to handle all incoming HTTP requests
+ *  with a given HTTP method.
+ */
 - (void)addDefaultHandlerForMethod:(NSString*)method requestClass:(Class)aClass processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;
-- (void)addHandlerForMethod:(NSString*)method path:(NSString*)path requestClass:(Class)aClass processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;  // Path is case-insensitive
-- (void)addHandlerForMethod:(NSString*)method pathRegex:(NSString*)regex requestClass:(Class)aClass processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;  // Regular expression is case-insensitive
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to handle incoming HTTP requests with a given
+ *  HTTP method and a specific case-insensitive path.
+ */
+- (void)addHandlerForMethod:(NSString*)method path:(NSString*)path requestClass:(Class)aClass processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to handle incoming HTTP requests with a given
+ *  HTTP method and a path matching a case-insensitive regular expression.
+ */
+- (void)addHandlerForMethod:(NSString*)method pathRegex:(NSString*)regex requestClass:(Class)aClass processBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;
+
 @end
 
 @interface GCDWebServer (GETHandlers)
-- (void)addGETHandlerForPath:(NSString*)path staticData:(NSData*)staticData contentType:(NSString*)contentType cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge;  // Path is case-insensitive
-- (void)addGETHandlerForPath:(NSString*)path filePath:(NSString*)filePath isAttachment:(BOOL)isAttachment cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge allowRangeRequests:(BOOL)allowRangeRequests;  // Path is case-insensitive
-- (void)addGETHandlerForBasePath:(NSString*)basePath directoryPath:(NSString*)directoryPath indexFilename:(NSString*)indexFilename cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge allowRangeRequests:(BOOL)allowRangeRequests;  // Base path is recursive and case-sensitive
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to respond to incoming "GET" HTTP requests
+ *  with a specific case-insensitive path with in-memory data.
+ */
+- (void)addGETHandlerForPath:(NSString*)path staticData:(NSData*)staticData contentType:(NSString*)contentType cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge;
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to respond to incoming "GET" HTTP requests
+ *  with a specific case-insensitive path with a file.
+ */
+- (void)addGETHandlerForPath:(NSString*)path filePath:(NSString*)filePath isAttachment:(BOOL)isAttachment cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge allowRangeRequests:(BOOL)allowRangeRequests;
+
+/**
+ *  Adds a handler to the server to respond to incoming "GET" HTTP requests
+ *  with a case-insensitive path inside a base path with the corresponding file
+ *  inside a local directory. If no local file matches the request path, a 401
+ *  HTTP status code is returned to the client.
+ *
+ *  The "indexFilename" argument allows to specify an "index" file name to use
+ *  when the request path corresponds to a directory.
+ */
+- (void)addGETHandlerForBasePath:(NSString*)basePath directoryPath:(NSString*)directoryPath indexFilename:(NSString*)indexFilename cacheAge:(NSUInteger)cacheAge allowRangeRequests:(BOOL)allowRangeRequests;
+
 @end
 
 @interface GCDWebServer (Logging)
+
 #ifndef __GCDWEBSERVER_LOGGING_HEADER__
-+ (void)setLogLevel:(GCDWebServerLogLevel)level;  // Default level is DEBUG or INFO if "NDEBUG" is defined when building (it can also be set at runtime with the "logLevel" environment variable)
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the current log level below which logged messages are discarded.
+ *
+ *  The default level is either DEBUG or INFO if "NDEBUG" is defined at build-time.
+ *  It can also be set at runtime with the "logLevel" environment variable.
+ */
++ (void)setLogLevel:(GCDWebServerLogLevel)level;
+
 #endif
+
+/**
+ *  Logs a message with the kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Verbose level.
+ */
 - (void)logVerbose:(NSString*)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);
+
+/**
+ *  Logs a message with the kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Info level.
+ */
 - (void)logInfo:(NSString*)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);
+
+/**
+ *  Logs a message with the kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Warning level.
+ */
 - (void)logWarning:(NSString*)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);
+
+/**
+ *  Logs a message with the kGCDWebServerLogLevel_Error level.
+ */
 - (void)logError:(NSString*)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);
+
 @end
 
 #ifdef __GCDWEBSERVER_ENABLE_TESTING__
 
 @interface GCDWebServer (Testing)
-@property(nonatomic, getter=isRecordingEnabled) BOOL recordingEnabled;  // Creates files in the current directory containing the raw data for all requests and responses (directory most NOT contain prior recordings)
-- (NSInteger)runTestsWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)options inDirectory:(NSString*)path;  // Returns number of failed tests or -1 if server failed to start
+
+/**
+ *  Activates recording of HTTP requests and responses which create files in the
+ *  current directory containing the raw data for all requests and responses.
+ *
+ *  @warning The current directory must not contain any prior recording files.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, getter=isRecordingEnabled) BOOL recordingEnabled;
+
+/**
+ *  Runs tests by playing back pre-recorded HTTP requests in the given directory
+ *  and comparing the generated responses with the pre-recorded ones.
+ *
+ *  Returns the number of failed tests or -1 if server failed to start.
+ */
+- (NSInteger)runTestsWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)options inDirectory:(NSString*)path;
+
 @end
 
 #endif

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerConnection.h

@@ -29,24 +29,132 @@
 
 @class GCDWebServerHandler;
 
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServerConnection class is instantiated by GCDWebServer to handle
+ *  each new HTTP connection. Each instance stays alive until the connection is
+ *  closed.
+ *
+ *  You cannot use this class directly, but it is made public so you can
+ *  subclass it to override some hooks. Use the GCDWebServerOption_ConnectionClass
+ *  option for GCDWebServer to install your custom subclass.
+ *
+ *  @warning The GCDWebServerConnection retains the GCDWebServer
+ *  until the connection is closed.
+ */
 @interface GCDWebServerConnection : NSObject
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the GCDWebServer that owns the connection.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) GCDWebServer* server;
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSData* localAddressData;  // struct sockaddr
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the address of the local peer (i.e. server) of the connection
+ *  as a raw "struct sockaddr".
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSData* localAddressData;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the address of the local peer (i.e. server) of the connection
+ *  as a dotted string.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* localAddressString;
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSData* remoteAddressData;  // struct sockaddr
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the address of the remote peer (i.e. client) of the connection
+ *  as a raw "struct sockaddr".
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSData* remoteAddressData;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the address of the remote peer (i.e. client) of the connection
+ *  as a dotted string.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* remoteAddressString;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the total number of bytes received from the remote peer (i.e. client)
+ *  so far.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger totalBytesRead;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the total number of bytes sent to the remote peer (i.e. client) so far.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger totalBytesWritten;
+
 @end
 
-// These methods can be called from any thread
+/**
+ *  Hooks to customize the behavior of GCDWebServer HTTP connections.
+ *
+ *  @warning These methods can be called on any GCD thread.
+ *  Be sure to also call "super" when overriding them.
+ */
 @interface GCDWebServerConnection (Subclassing)
-- (BOOL)open;  // Return NO to reject connection e.g. after validating local or remote addresses
-- (void)didReadBytes:(const void*)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;  // Called after data has been read from the connection
-- (void)didWriteBytes:(const void*)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;  // Called after data has been written to the connection
-- (GCDWebServerResponse*)preflightRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request;  // Called before request is processed to return an override response bypassing processing or nil to continue - Default implementation checks authentication if applicable
-- (GCDWebServerResponse*)processRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request withBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;  // Only called if the request can be processed
-- (GCDWebServerResponse*)overrideResponse:(GCDWebServerResponse*)response forRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request;  // Default implementation replaces any response matching the "ETag" or "Last-Modified-Date" header of the request by a barebone "Not-Modified" (304) one
-- (void)abortRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request withStatusCode:(NSInteger)statusCode;  // If request headers were malformed, "request" will be nil
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called when the connection is opened.
+ *  Return NO to reject the connection e.g. after validating the local
+ *  or remote address.
+ */
+- (BOOL)open;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called whenever data has been received
+ *  from the remote peer (i.e. client).
+ */
+- (void)didReadBytes:(const void*)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called whenever data has been sent
+ *  to the remote peer (i.e. client).
+ */
+- (void)didWriteBytes:(const void*)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;
+
+/**
+ *  Assuming a valid request was received, this method is called before
+ *  the request is processed.
+ *
+ *  Return a non-nil GCDWebServerResponse to bypass the request processing entirely.
+ *
+ *  The default implementation checks for HTTP authentication if applicable
+ *  and returns a barebone 401 status code response if authentication failed.
+ */
+- (GCDWebServerResponse*)preflightRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request;
+
+/**
+ *  Assuming a valid request was received and -preflightRequest: returned nil,
+ *  this method is called to process the request.
+ */
+- (GCDWebServerResponse*)processRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request withBlock:(GCDWebServerProcessBlock)block;
+
+/**
+ *  Assuming a valid request was received and either -preflightRequest:
+ *  or -processRequest:withBlock: returned a non-nil GCDWebServerResponse,
+ *  this method is called to override the response.
+ *
+ *  You can either modify the current response and return it, or return a
+ *  completely different one.
+ *
+ *  The default implementation replaces any response matching the "ETag" or
+ *  "Last-Modified-Date" header of the request by a barebone "Not-Modified" (304)
+ *  one.
+ */
+- (GCDWebServerResponse*)overrideResponse:(GCDWebServerResponse*)response forRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called if any error happens while validing or processing
+ *  the request or no GCDWebServerResponse is generated.
+ *
+ *  @warning If the request was invalid (e.g. the HTTP headers were malformed),
+ *  the "request" argument will be nil.
+ */
+- (void)abortRequest:(GCDWebServerRequest*)request withStatusCode:(NSInteger)statusCode;
+
+/**
+ *  Called when the connection is closed.
+ */
 - (void)close;
+
 @end

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerFunctions.h

@@ -31,14 +31,68 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+/**
+ *  Converts a file extension to the corresponding MIME type.
+ *  If there is no match, "application/octet-stream" is returned.
+ */
 NSString* GCDWebServerGetMimeTypeForExtension(NSString* extension);
+
+/**
+ *  Add percent-escapes to a string so it can be used in a URL.
+ *  The legal characters ":@/?&=+" are also escaped to ensure compatibility
+ *  with URL encoded forms and URL queries.
+ */
 NSString* GCDWebServerEscapeURLString(NSString* string);
+
+/**
+ *  Unescapes a URL percent-encoded string.
+ */
 NSString* GCDWebServerUnescapeURLString(NSString* string);
+
+/**
+ *  Extracts the unescaped names and values
+ *  from a "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" form.
+ *  http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.1
+ */
 NSDictionary* GCDWebServerParseURLEncodedForm(NSString* form);
-NSString* GCDWebServerGetPrimaryIPv4Address();  // Returns IPv4 address of primary connected service on OS X or of WiFi interface on iOS if connected
+
+/**
+ *  OS X: Returns the IPv4 address as a dotted string of the primary connected
+ *        service or nil if not available.
+ *  iOS: Returns the IPv4 address as a dotted string of the WiFi interface
+ *       if connected or nil otherwise.
+ */
+NSString* GCDWebServerGetPrimaryIPv4Address();
+
+/**
+ *  Converts a date into a string using RFC822 formatting.
+ *  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822#section-5
+ *  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123#section-5.2.14
+ */
 NSString* GCDWebServerFormatRFC822(NSDate* date);
+
+/**
+ *  Converts a RFC822 formatted string into a date.
+ *  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822#section-5
+ *  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123#section-5.2.14
+ *
+ *  @warning Timezones are not supported at this time.
+ */
 NSDate* GCDWebServerParseRFC822(NSString* string);
+
+/**
+ *  Converts a date into a string using IOS 8601 formatting.
+ *  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339#section-5.6
+ */
 NSString* GCDWebServerFormatISO8601(NSDate* date);
+
+/**
+ *  Converts a ISO 8601 formatted string into a date.
+ *  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339#section-5.6
+ *
+ *  @warning Only "calendar" variant is supported at this time and timezones
+ *  are not supported either.
+ */
 NSDate* GCDWebServerParseISO8601(NSString* string);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerFunctions.m

@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ static NSDateFormatter* _dateFormatterRFC822 = nil;
 static NSDateFormatter* _dateFormatterISO8601 = nil;
 static dispatch_queue_t _dateFormatterQueue = NULL;
 
-// HTTP/1.1 server must use RFC822
-// TODO: Handle RFC 850 and ANSI C's asctime() format (http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec3.html#sec3.3)
+// TODO: Handle RFC 850 and ANSI C's asctime() format
 void GCDWebServerInitializeFunctions() {
   DCHECK([NSThread isMainThread]);  // NSDateFormatter should be initialized on main thread
   if (_dateFormatterRFC822 == nil) {
@@ -187,7 +186,6 @@ NSString* GCDWebServerUnescapeURLString(NSString* string) {
   return ARC_BRIDGE_RELEASE(CFURLCreateStringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFStringRef)string, CFSTR(""), kCFStringEncodingUTF8));
 }
 
-// http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.1
 NSDictionary* GCDWebServerParseURLEncodedForm(NSString* form) {
   NSMutableDictionary* parameters = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
   NSScanner* scanner = [[NSScanner alloc] initWithString:form];

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerHTTPStatusCodes.h

@@ -30,12 +30,18 @@
 
 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
 
+/**
+ *  Convenience constants for "informational" HTTP status codes.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerInformationalHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_Continue = 100,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_SwitchingProtocols = 101,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_Processing = 102
 };
 
+/**
+ *  Convenience constants for "successful" HTTP status codes.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerSuccessfulHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_OK = 200,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_Created = 201,
@@ -48,6 +54,9 @@ typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerSuccessfulHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_AlreadyReported = 208
 };
 
+/**
+ *  Convenience constants for "redirection" HTTP status codes.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerRedirectionHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_MultipleChoices = 300,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_MovedPermanently = 301,
@@ -59,6 +68,9 @@ typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerRedirectionHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_PermanentRedirect = 308
 };
 
+/**
+ *  Convenience constants for "client error" HTTP status codes.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerClientErrorHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_BadRequest = 400,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_Unauthorized = 401,
@@ -87,6 +99,9 @@ typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerClientErrorHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge = 431
 };
 
+/**
+ *  Convenience constants for "server error" HTTP status codes.
+ */
 typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, GCDWebServerServerErrorHTTPStatusCode) {
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_InternalServerError = 500,
   kGCDWebServerHTTPStatusCode_NotImplemented = 501,

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerRequest.h

@@ -27,25 +27,140 @@
 
 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
 
+/**
+ *  This protocol is used by the GCDWebServerConnection to communicate with
+ *  the GCDWebServerRequest and write the received HTTP body data.
+ *
+ *  Note that multiple GCDWebServerBodyWriter objects can be chained together
+ *  internally e.g. to automatically decode gzip encoded content before
+ *  passing it on to the GCDWebServerRequest.
+ *
+ *  @warning These methods can be called on any GCD thread.
+ */
 @protocol GCDWebServerBodyWriter <NSObject>
-- (BOOL)open:(NSError**)error;  // Return NO on error ("error" is guaranteed to be non-NULL)
-- (BOOL)writeData:(NSData*)data error:(NSError**)error;  // Return NO on error ("error" is guaranteed to be non-NULL)
-- (BOOL)close:(NSError**)error;  // Return NO on error ("error" is guaranteed to be non-NULL)
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called before any body data is received.
+ *
+ *  It should return YES on success or NO on failure and set the "error" argument
+ *  which is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
+ */
+- (BOOL)open:(NSError**)error;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called whenever body data has been received.
+ *
+ *  It should return YES on success or NO on failure and set the "error" argument
+ *  which is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
+ */
+- (BOOL)writeData:(NSData*)data error:(NSError**)error;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called after all body data has been received.
+ *
+ *  It should return YES on success or NO on failure and set the "error" argument
+ *  which is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
+ */
+- (BOOL)close:(NSError**)error;
+
 @end
 
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServerRequest class is instantiated by the GCDWebServerConnection
+ *  after the HTTP headers have been received. Each instance wraps a single HTTP
+ *  request. If a body is present, the methods from the GCDWebServerBodyWriter
+ *  protocol will be called by the GCDWebServerConnection to receive it.
+ *
+ *  The default implementation of the GCDWebServerBodyWriter protocol on the class
+ *  simply ignores the body data.
+ *
+ *  @warning GCDWebServerRequest instances can be created and used on any GCD thread.
+ */
 @interface GCDWebServerRequest : NSObject <GCDWebServerBodyWriter>
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the HTTP method for the request.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* method;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the URL for the request.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSURL* URL;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the HTTP headers for the request.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSDictionary* headers;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the path component of the URL for the request.
+ */
 @property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* path;
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSDictionary* query;  // May be nil
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* contentType;  // Automatically parsed from headers (nil if request has no body or set to "application/octet-stream" if a body is present without a "Content-Type" header)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger contentLength;  // Automatically parsed from headers (NSNotFound if request has no "Content-Length" header)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSDate* ifModifiedSince;  // Automatically parsed from headers (nil if request has no "If-Modified-Since" header or it is malformatted)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* ifNoneMatch;  // Automatically parsed from headers (nil if request has no "If-None-Match" header)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSRange byteRange;  // Automatically parsed from headers ([NSNotFound, 0] if request has no "Range" header, [offset, length] for byte range from beginning or [NSNotFound, -length] from end)
-@property(nonatomic, readonly) BOOL acceptsGzipContentEncoding;  // Automatically parsed from headers
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the parsed and unescaped query component of the URL for the request.
+ *
+ *  @warning This property will be nil if there is no query in the URL.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSDictionary* query;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the content type for the body of the request (this property is
+ *  automatically parsed from the HTTP headers).
+ *
+ *  This property will be nil if the request has no body or set to
+ *  "application/octet-stream" if a body is present but there was no
+ *  "Content-Type" header.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* contentType;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the content length for the body of the request (this property is
+ *  automatically parsed from the HTTP headers).
+ *
+ *  This property will be set to "NSNotFound" if the request has no body or
+ *  if there is a body but no "Content-Length" header, typically because
+ *  chunked transfer encoding is used.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger contentLength;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the parsed "If-Modified-Since" header or nil if absent of malformed.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSDate* ifModifiedSince;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the parsed "If-None-Match" header or nil if absent of malformed.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSString* ifNoneMatch;
+
+/**
+ *  Returns the parsed "Range" header or (NSNotFound, 0) if absent or malformed.
+ *  The range will be set to (offset, length) if expressed from the beginning
+ *  of the body, or (NSNotFound, -length) if expressed from the end of the body.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) NSRange byteRange;
+
+/**
+ *  Indicates if the client supports gzip content encoding (this property is
+ *  automatically parsed from the HTTP headers).
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, readonly) BOOL acceptsGzipContentEncoding;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is the designated initializer for the class.
+ */
 - (instancetype)initWithMethod:(NSString*)method url:(NSURL*)url headers:(NSDictionary*)headers path:(NSString*)path query:(NSDictionary*)query;
-- (BOOL)hasBody;  // Convenience method that checks if "contentType" is not nil
-- (BOOL)hasByteRange;  // Convenience method that checks "byteRange"
+
+/**
+ *  Convenience method that checks if the contentType property is defined.
+ */
+- (BOOL)hasBody;
+
+/**
+ *  Convenience method that checks if the byteRange property is defined.
+ */
+- (BOOL)hasByteRange;
+
 @end

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerResponse.h

@@ -27,29 +27,162 @@
 
 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
 
+/**
+ *  This protocol is used by the GCDWebServerConnection to communicate with
+ *  the GCDWebServerResponse and read the sent HTTP body data.
+ *
+ *  Note that multiple GCDWebServerBodyReader objects can be chained together
+ *  internally e.g. to automatically apply gzip encoding to the content before
+ *  passing it on to the GCDWebServerResponse.
+ *
+ *  @warning These methods can be called on any GCD thread.
+ */
 @protocol GCDWebServerBodyReader <NSObject>
-- (BOOL)open:(NSError**)error;  // Return NO on error ("error" is guaranteed to be non-NULL)
-- (NSData*)readData:(NSError**)error;  // Must return nil on error or empty NSData if at end ("error" is guaranteed to be non-NULL)
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called before any body data is sent.
+ *
+ *  It should return YES on success or NO on failure and set the "error" argument
+ *  which is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
+ */
+- (BOOL)open:(NSError**)error;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called whenever body data is ready to be sent.
+ *
+ *  It should return a non-empty NSData if there is body data available,
+ *  or an empty NSData there is no more body data, or nil on error and set
+ *  the "error" argument which is guaranteed to be non-NULL.
+ */
+- (NSData*)readData:(NSError**)error;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is called after all body data has been sent.
+ */
 - (void)close;
+
 @end
 
+/**
+ *  The GCDWebServerResponse class is used to wrap a single HTTP response.
+ *  It is instantiated by the handler of the GCDWebServer that handled the request.
+ *  If a body is present, the methods from the GCDWebServerBodyReader protocol
+ *  will be called by the GCDWebServerConnection to retrieve it.
+ *
+ *  The default implementation of the GCDWebServerBodyReader protocol
+ *  on the class simply returns an empty body.
+ *
+ *  @warning GCDWebServerResponse instances can be created and used on any GCD thread.
+ */
 @interface GCDWebServerResponse : NSObject <GCDWebServerBodyReader>
-@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString* contentType;  // Default is nil i.e. no body (must be set if a body is present)
-@property(nonatomic) NSUInteger contentLength;  // Default is NSNotFound i.e. undefined (if a body is present but length is undefined, chunked transfer encoding will be enabled)
-@property(nonatomic) NSInteger statusCode;  // Default is 200
-@property(nonatomic) NSUInteger cacheControlMaxAge;  // Default is 0 seconds i.e. "Cache-Control: no-cache"
-@property(nonatomic, retain) NSDate* lastModifiedDate;  // Default is nil i.e. no "Last-Modified" header
-@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString* eTag;  // Default is nil i.e. no "ETag" header
-@property(nonatomic, getter=isGZipContentEncodingEnabled) BOOL gzipContentEncodingEnabled;  // Default is disabled
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the content type for the body of the response.
+ *  This property must be set if a body is present.
+ *
+ *  The default value is nil i.e. the response has no body.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString* contentType;
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the content length for the body of the response. If a body is present
+ *  but this property is set to "NSNotFound", this means the length of the body
+ *  cannot be known ahead of time and chunked transfer encoding will be
+ *  automatically enabled by the GCDWebServerConnection to comply with HTTP/1.1
+ *  specifications.
+ *
+ *  The default value is "NSNotFound" i.e. the response has no body or its length
+ *  is undefined.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic) NSUInteger contentLength;
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the HTTP status code for the response.
+ *
+ *  The default value is 200 i.e. "OK".
+ */
+@property(nonatomic) NSInteger statusCode;
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the caching hint for the response using the "Cache-Control" header.
+ *  This value is expressed in seconds.
+ *
+ *  The default value is 0 i.e. "no-cache".
+ */
+@property(nonatomic) NSUInteger cacheControlMaxAge;
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the last modified date for the response using the "Last-Modified" header.
+ *
+ *  The default value is nil.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, retain) NSDate* lastModifiedDate;
+
+/**
+ *  Sets the ETag for the response using the "ETag" header.
+ *
+ *  The default value is nil.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString* eTag;
+
+/**
+ *  Enables gzip encoding for the response body.
+ *
+ *  The default value is NO.
+ *
+ *  @warning Enabling gzip encoding will remove any "Content-Length" header
+ *  since the length of the body is not known anymore. The client will still
+ *  be able to determine the body length when connection is closed per
+ *  HTTP/1.1 specifications.
+ */
+@property(nonatomic, getter=isGZipContentEncodingEnabled) BOOL gzipContentEncodingEnabled;
+
+/**
+ *  Creates a default response.
+ */
 + (instancetype)response;
+
+/**
+ *  This method is the designated initializer for the class.
+ */
 - (instancetype)init;
-- (void)setValue:(NSString*)value forAdditionalHeader:(NSString*)header;  // Pass nil value to remove header
-- (BOOL)hasBody;  // Convenience method that checks if "contentType" is not nil
+
+/**
+ *  Sets an additional HTTP header on the response.
+ *  Pass a nil value to remove an additional header.
+ *
+ *  @warning Do not attempt to override the primary headers used
+ *  by GCDWebServerResponse e.g. "Content-Type" or "ETag".
+ */
+- (void)setValue:(NSString*)value forAdditionalHeader:(NSString*)header;
+
+/**
+ *  Convenience method that checks if the contentType property is defined.
+ */
+- (BOOL)hasBody;
+
 @end
 
 @interface GCDWebServerResponse (Extensions)
+
+/**
+ *  Creates a default response with a specific HTTP status code.
+ */
 + (instancetype)responseWithStatusCode:(NSInteger)statusCode;
+
+/**
+ *  Creates an HTTP redirect response to a new URL.
+ */
 + (instancetype)responseWithRedirect:(NSURL*)location permanent:(BOOL)permanent;
+
+/**
+ *  Initializes a default response with a specific HTTP status code.
+ */
 - (instancetype)initWithStatusCode:(NSInteger)statusCode;
+
+/**
+ *  Initializes an HTTP redirect response to a new URL.
+ */
 - (instancetype)initWithRedirect:(NSURL*)location permanent:(BOOL)permanent;
+
 @end

GCDWebServer/Core/GCDWebServerResponse.m

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 
 - (id)initWithResponse:(GCDWebServerResponse*)response reader:(id<GCDWebServerBodyReader>)reader {
   if ((self = [super initWithResponse:response reader:reader])) {
-    response.contentLength = NSNotFound;  // Make sure "Content-Length" header is not set since we don't know it (client will determine body length when connection is closed)
+    response.contentLength = NSNotFound;  // Make sure "Content-Length" header is not set since we don't know it
     [response setValue:@"gzip" forAdditionalHeader:@"Content-Encoding"];
   }
   return self;