fix(android): use AndroidX OnBackPressedCallback instead of OnBackInvokedCallback (#1903 )

- `CoreAndroid.java` referenced `OnBackInvokedCallback` directly (including lambda generation), which can trigger class resolution on runtimes older than API 33, where the class is not available. This was introduced in PR https://github.com/apache/cordova-android/pull/1831 - Replaced `OnBackInvokedCallback` with AndroidX `OnBackPressedCallback` - Fixes error message: `java.lang.Class<org.apache.cordova.CoreAndroid$$ExternalSyntheticLambda0>: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Landroid/window/OnBackInvokedCallback;` on older Android versions --------- Generated-By: GPT-5.3-Codex, GitHub Copilot Chat Co-authored-by: Norman Breau <norman@breautek.com>
chore(post-release): bump v15.0.1-dev.0 (#1899 )
2026-03-16 00:00:02 +08:00 · 2026-03-13 19:43:15 +01:00 · 2026-03-06 16:55:03 +09:00 · 2026-02-28 12:16:16 -08:00
3 changed files with 85 additions and 41 deletions
--- a/framework/src/org/apache/cordova/CoreAndroid.java
+++ b/framework/src/org/apache/cordova/CoreAndroid.java
@@ -32,11 +32,12 @@ import android.os.Build;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 import android.view.KeyEvent;
-import android.window.OnBackInvokedCallback;
-import android.window.OnBackInvokedDispatcher;

 import java.util.HashMap;

+import androidx.activity.OnBackPressedCallback;
+import androidx.activity.OnBackPressedDispatcherOwner;
+
 /**
 * This class exposes methods in Cordova that can be called from JavaScript.
 */
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ public class CoreAndroid extends CordovaPlugin {
    private CallbackContext messageChannel;
    private PluginResult pendingResume;
    private PluginResult pendingPause;
-    private OnBackInvokedCallback backCallback;
+    private OnBackPressedCallback backCallback;
    private final Object messageChannelLock = new Object();
    private final Object backButtonHandlerLock = new Object();

@@ -253,30 +254,56 @@ public class CoreAndroid extends CordovaPlugin {
     */
    public void overrideBackbutton(boolean override) {
        LOG.i("App", "WARNING: Back Button Default Behavior will be overridden.  The backbutton event will be fired!");
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.BAKLAVA) {
-            if (override) {
-                synchronized (backButtonHandlerLock) {
-                    if (backCallback == null) {
-                        // The callback is intentionally empty. Since API 36, intercepting the back button is ignored, which means
-                        // the onDispatchKeyEvent boolean result won't actually stop native from consuming the back button and doing
-                        // it's own logic, UNLESS if there is an OnBackInvokedCallback registered on the dispatcher.
-                        // The key dispatch events will still fire, which still handles propagating back button events to the webview.
-                        // See https://developer.android.com/about/versions/16/behavior-changes-16#predictive-back for more info on the caveat.
-                        backCallback = () -> {};
-                        this.cordova.getActivity().getOnBackInvokedDispatcher().registerOnBackInvokedCallback(OnBackInvokedDispatcher.PRIORITY_DEFAULT, backCallback);
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {
-                synchronized (backButtonHandlerLock) {
-                    if (backCallback != null) {
-                        this.cordova.getActivity().getOnBackInvokedDispatcher().unregisterOnBackInvokedCallback(backCallback);
-                        backCallback = null;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+        if (cordova.getActivity() == null) {
+            return;
        }

-        webView.setButtonPlumbedToJs(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK, override);
+        final boolean shouldOverride = override;
+        cordova.getActivity().runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                if (shouldOverride) {
+                    synchronized (backButtonHandlerLock) {
+                        if (backCallback == null) {
+                            registerBackPressedCallback();
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    synchronized (backButtonHandlerLock) {
+                        if (backCallback != null) {
+                            unregisterBackPressedCallback();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                webView.setButtonPlumbedToJs(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK, shouldOverride);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers an AndroidX back callback so Cordova can keep routing back presses through its
+     * existing key dispatch path across Android versions without directly referencing newer
+     * platform-only back APIs.
+     */
+    private void registerBackPressedCallback() {
+        final OnBackPressedDispatcherOwner backPressedDispatcherOwner = this.cordova.getActivity();
+
+        backCallback = new OnBackPressedCallback(true) {
+            @Override
+            public void handleOnBackPressed() {
+                // Intentionally empty.
+                // On modern Android versions, registering a callback keeps back handling
+                // routed through Cordova's existing key dispatch path.
+            }
+        };
+
+        backPressedDispatcherOwner.getOnBackPressedDispatcher().addCallback(backPressedDispatcherOwner, backCallback);
+    }
+
+    private void unregisterBackPressedCallback() {
+        backCallback.remove();
+        backCallback = null;
    }

    /**
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
  "name": "cordova-android",
-  "version": "15.0.0",
+  "version": "15.0.1-dev.0",
  "lockfileVersion": 3,
  "requires": true,
  "packages": {
    "": {
      "name": "cordova-android",
-      "version": "15.0.0",
+      "version": "15.0.1-dev.0",
      "license": "Apache-2.0",
      "dependencies": {
        "android-versions": "^2.1.1",
@@ -2280,9 +2280,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/glob/node_modules/minimatch": {
-      "version": "10.2.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-10.2.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-+G4CpNBxa5MprY+04MbgOw1v7So6n5JY166pFi9KfYwT78fxScCeSNQSNzp6dpPSW2rONOps6Ocam1wFhCgoVw==",
+      "version": "10.2.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-10.2.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-oRjTw/97aTBN0RHbYCdtF1MQfvusSIBQM0IZEgzl6426+8jSC0nF1a/GmnVLpfB9yyr6g6FTqWqiZVbxrtaCIg==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
      "dependencies": {
@@ -3245,9 +3245,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/minimatch": {
-      "version": "3.1.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-3.1.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-M2GCs7Vk83NxkUyQV1bkABc4yxgz9kILhHImZiBPAZ9ybuvCb0/H7lEl5XvIg3g+9d4eNotkZA5IWwYl0tibaA==",
+      "version": "3.1.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-3.1.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-VgjWUsnnT6n+NUk6eZq77zeFdpW2LWDzP6zFGrCbHXiYNul5Dzqk2HHQ5uFH2DNW5Xbp8+jVzaeNt94ssEEl4w==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "ISC",
      "dependencies": {
@@ -4318,14 +4318,31 @@
        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/test-exclude/node_modules/glob/node_modules/balanced-match": {
+      "version": "1.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/balanced-match/-/balanced-match-1.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-3oSeUO0TMV67hN1AmbXsK4yaqU7tjiHlbxRDZOpH0KW9+CeX4bRAaX0Anxt0tx2MrpRpWwQaPwIlISEJhYU5Pw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/test-exclude/node_modules/glob/node_modules/brace-expansion": {
+      "version": "2.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-2.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Jt0vHyM+jmUBqojB7E1NIYadt0vI0Qxjxd2TErW94wDz+E2LAm5vKMXXwg6ZZBTHPuUlDgQHKXvjGBdfcF1ZDQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "balanced-match": "^1.0.0"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/test-exclude/node_modules/glob/node_modules/minimatch": {
-      "version": "9.0.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-9.0.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-kQAVowdR33euIqeA0+VZTDqU+qo1IeVY+hrKYtZMio3Pg0P0vuh/kwRylLUddJhB6pf3q/botcOvRtx4IN1wqQ==",
+      "version": "9.0.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-9.0.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OBwBN9AL4dqmETlpS2zasx+vTeWclWzkblfZk7KTA5j3jeOONz/tRCnZomUyvNg83wL5Zv9Ss6HMJXAgL8R2Yg==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "ISC",
      "dependencies": {
-        "brace-expansion": "^5.0.2"
+        "brace-expansion": "^2.0.2"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=16 || 14 >=14.17"
@@ -4342,9 +4359,9 @@
      "license": "ISC"
    },
    "node_modules/test-exclude/node_modules/minimatch": {
-      "version": "10.2.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-10.2.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-+G4CpNBxa5MprY+04MbgOw1v7So6n5JY166pFi9KfYwT78fxScCeSNQSNzp6dpPSW2rONOps6Ocam1wFhCgoVw==",
+      "version": "10.2.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-10.2.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-oRjTw/97aTBN0RHbYCdtF1MQfvusSIBQM0IZEgzl6426+8jSC0nF1a/GmnVLpfB9yyr6g6FTqWqiZVbxrtaCIg==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
      "dependencies": {
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "cordova-android",
-  "version": "15.0.0",
+  "version": "15.0.1-dev.0",
  "description": "cordova-android release",
  "types": "./types/index.d.ts",
  "main": "lib/Api.js",